Benvenuto

Tutti i malati di diabete sanno che la loro vista è preziosa ma sanno come proteggerla?

 

Qui, potrai apprendere tanto sull’edema maculare diabetico e dei trattamenti anti-VEGF per il DME. Impossessati di tutti gli strumenti necessari per avere un ruolo attivo nel salvarti la vista. Usa queste risorse per prenderti meglio cura di te già da oggi – fallo per te stesso e per i tuoi cari.

 

Rapporto Ufficiale dell’ International DME Summit

Ti invitiamo a scaricare o stampare il PDF del Rapporto Ufficiale dell’Angiogenesis Foundation intitolato Advocating for Improved Treatment and Outcomes for Diabetic Macular Edema in 2014, cliccando l’immagine sottostante.

Rapporto Ufficiale dell’ Canada DME Summit

Ti invitiamo a scaricare o stampare il PDF del Rapporto Ufficiale dell’Angiogenesis Foundation intitolato Advocating for Improved Treatment and Outcomes for Diabetic Macular Edema in Canada, cliccando l’immagine sottostante.

(English) US DME Summit Whitepaper

(English)

We invite you to download or print the Angiogenesis Foundation’s PDF Whitepaper on the National Multi-Stakeholder Expert Summit on Diabetes and Vision Loss by clicking the image above.

Infografica sulla Progressione e sul Trattamento del DME

Ti invitiamo a scaricare o stampare il PDF dell’infografica dell’Angiogenesis Foundation sulla Progressione e sul Trattamento del DME, cliccando l’immagine sottostante.

Brochure per il Paziente

Ti invitiamo a scaricare o stampare il PDF della Brochure per il Paziente sulla Scienza del DME cliccando sull’immagine sottostante.

Punto di vista del Paziente

 
Filmati originali forniti da Bayer Pharma AG. Il filmato finale è stato modificato dall’Angiogenesis Foundation.

Altre Risorse

Risultati degli studi Clinici:
 
ClinicalTrials.gov
Un servizio del U.S. National Institutes of Health – ClinicalTrials.gov è un database che registra i casi e i risultati degli studi clinici privati o pubblici condotti su pazienti in tutto il mondo.
 
 

Informazioni sul Diabete e sulle Complicanze agli Occhi:
 
http://www.idf.org/
International Diabetes Foundation
 
 

http://lighthouse.org/about-low-vision-blindness/vision-disorders/diabetic-retinopathy/
Lighthouse International
 
 

http://www.who.int/blindness/causes/priority/en/index6.html
World Health Organization
 
 

http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/diabetic/retinopathy.asp
U.S. NIH National Eye Institute
 
 

http://www.diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/complications/eye-complications/
American Diabetes Association
 
 

Fatti

Diabete
 
Il diabete è la causa principale dei nuovi casi di cecità fra gli adulti d’età compresa fra i 20–74 anni.
 
Il diabete è una malattia cronica che richiede costante gestione.
 
Il diabete si manifesta quando il pancreas smette di produrre (totalmente o in quantità sufficiente) insulina, o è incapace di utilizzare l’insulina in modo efficace. Ciò porta alti livelli di glucosio (zucchero nel sangue) che deve essere gestito per prevenire l’insorgere di altre condizioni gravi, come complicanze vascolari, insufficienza d’ organo o morte prematura.
 
L’International Diabetes Federation (IDF) calcola che ci siano 382 milioni di persone attualmente malate di diabete nel mondo.
 
Il diabete può portare l’insorgere di diverse complicanze di salute come cecità, pressione alta, malattie renali neuropatia (malattia del sistema nervoso), malattie cardiache, ictus e amputazione.
 
La cecità può essere causata da svariate condizioni oculari che si sviluppano come complicanze del diabete, inclusi cataratta, glaucoma, retinopatia diabetica e edema maculare diabetico.
 
Retinopatia Diabetica
La retinopatia diabetica è la patologia oculare più comune fra i malati di diabete e la causa principale di cecità fra gli adulti di tutto il mondo.
 
La retinopatia diabetica è una patologia della retina causata dal danno ai vasi sanguigni della retina nei pazienti affetti da diabete di tipo 1 o 2.
 
La retinopatia diabetica colpisce circa 93 milioni di persone in tutto il mondo – dati del 2010.
 
Le stime globali nel 2010 hanno riscontrato che un terzo dei malati di diabete hanno evidenziato segni di retinopatia diabetica.
 
Tutti i diabetici di tipo 1 o 2 sono a rischio di retinopatia diabetica e dovrebbero effettuare un esame della vista con dilatazione della pupilla almeno una volta l’anno.
 
La retinopatia diabetica di solito colpisce entrambi gli occhi.
 
La retinopatia diabetica ha quattro stadi e i trattamenti cambiano in base allo stadio.
 
Il DME può svilupparsi in qualunque stadio della retinopatia diabetica anche se è più comune negli stadi più gravi.
 
Circa la metà dei malati di retinopatia proliferativa ha anche edema maculare.
 
DME
L’Edema Maculare Diabetico (DME) è una forma di retinopatia diabetica nonché causa principale della perdita della vista nei pazienti affetti da retinopatia diabetica.
 
Il DME è caratterizzato dal rigonfiamento o l’ispessimento della retina e dalla perdita di fluidi nella macula, una piccola area nella parte posteriore dell’occhio che serve per mettere a fuoco e riconoscere i dettagli.
 
Nel mondo, si stima che 21 milioni di persone abbiano il DME.
 
Ogni anno, 75.000 nuovi casi di DME si riscontrano solo negli Stati Uniti.
 
Il DME si sviluppa senza sintomi o dolore pertanto è cruciale che i pazienti diabetici effettuino un esame della vista con dilatazione della pupilla almeno una volta l’anno prima che abbiano problemi alla vista.
 
Ci sono due forme di DME: focale e diffuso. Il trattamento differisce in base alla forma.
 
Il rischio di sviluppare il DME aumenta molto in funzione della durata del diabete.
 
Altri principali fattori di rischio del DME includono alti livelli di glucosio nel sangue, pressione alta e lipidi nel sangue. Mantenere tali indici quanto più normali possibile è estremamente importante per ridurre i rischi.
 
Se il DME è trattato tempestivamente, la perdita della vista può essere recuperata. In casi in cui il DME è avanzato, il trattamento può fermare o rallentare la perdita.
 
I trattamenti principali per il DME includono fotocoagulazione laser focale, vitrectomia, terapia corticosteroidea e terapia anti-VEGF.
 
Il fattore di crescita dell’endotelio vascolare (VEGF) è una glicoproteina che contribuisce in modo importante allo sviluppo dell’edema maculare diabetico.
 
La terapia Anti-VEGF si è rivelata efficace nella riduzione dell’edema maculare stabilizzando o persino migliorando la vista dei pazienti senza far aumentare i rischi di effetti collaterali.

Social Media

Aumentiamo la conoscenza di questa malattia che colpisce così tante vite. Unisciti ai nostri gruppi di supporto online, parte del nostro System ENABLE™, e fai da consulente per chiunque sia stato colpito dal DME.

 

Notizie

Glossario

Acutezza Visiva
La capacità di vedere i dettagli e di avere una vista nitida anche a distanza.

 
Aderenza Vitreo-Maculare
Condizione in cui il vitreo si attacca alla retina.

 
Aneurisma
Quando una quantità eccessiva di sangue si accumula e dilata troppo un vaso sanguigno o un’arteria, di solito causata da un danneggiamento o indebolimento delle pareti del vaso.

 
Angiogenesi
La crescita di nuovi capillari da vasi già esistenti.

 
Antiangiogenesi
Un processo che interferisce con percorsi specifici associati con una malattia per bloccare l’angiogenesi.

 
Cataratta
Condizione dell’occhio in cui il cristallino si annebbia, rendendo difficile il passaggio della luce.

 
Cellule dell’Endotelio
Cellule che ricoprono lo strato interno dei vasi sanguigni.

 
Dislipidemia
Livelli abnormi di lipidi nel sangue (colesterolo e trigliceridi).

 
Edema Maculare Diabetico Diffuso
Una forma più grave – ma meno comune – di DME che coinvolge il centro della macula.

 
Edema Maculare Diabetico Focale
La forma più comune di DME che di norma coinvolge il centro della macula.

 
Endoftalmite
Condizione infiammatoria che colpisce l’interno dell’occhio, di solito causata da un’infezione.

 
Fattore di crescita dell’endotelio vascolare
Proteina che causa la permeabilità vascolare e la crescita di nuovi vasi sanguigni anomali attraverso il processo d’angiogenesi.

 
Fattore di Rischio
Un qualunque fattore che influisce sulla possibilità di ammalarsi di una patologia.

 
Glaucoma
Patologia dell’occhio caratterizzata da un’elevata pressione oculare che può portare alla perdita della vista.

 
Glucosio nel Sangue
Zucchero nel sangue

 
HbA1c
HbA1c è una molecola che si forma quando l’emoglobina, una proteina nei globuli rossi del sangue, si lega al glucosio. E’ anche un test di laboratorio che utilizza campioni di sangue per misurare il livello di glucosio nel sangue degli ultimi tre mesi basato sui livelli di HbA1c Questo dimostra quanto è importante controllare il diabete.
 

  • Un livello normale di HbA1c è 5.6% o meno, e livelli sicuri di HbA1c nei pazienti diabetici si aggirano attorno al 6.5-7%.

    •  

  • Studi hanno dimostrato che ogni calo di punto percentuale dei livelli di HbA1c può ridurre le possibilità di sviluppare complicazioni microvascolari (es. patologie oculari, renali e nervose) del 40%.

 
Incidenza
Numero di nuovi casi diagnosticati ogni anno.

 
Inibitori dell’Angiogenesi
Farmaci creati per colpire e interferire con il processo dell’angiogenesi.

 
Insulina
Un ormone che gioca un ruolo critico nel convertire zucchero e amidi in glucosio come fonte d’energia per il corpo, e immagazzina il glucosio nelle cellule.

Iperglicemia
Livelli cronici elevati di zucchero nel sangue.

 
Ipertensione
Livelli elevati anomali di pressione sanguigna.

 
Ipossia
Condizione in cui i tessuti nel corpo restano privi d’ossigeno.

 
Macula
La piccola porzione di retina che focalizza l’immagine e permette di vedere chiaramente i dettagli.

 
Microaneurisma
Una piccola area di rigonfiamento nei vasi sanguigni della retina, di solito associato alla retinopatia diabetica.

 
Pancreas
Grande ghiandola posizionata dietro lo stomaco che produce gli ormoni insulina e glucagone.

 
Patologia Oculare da Diabete
Una serie di problemi che si sviluppano come complicanze oculari del diabete.

 
Permeabilità Vascolare
La capacità che hanno piccole molecole e cellule intere di passare attraverso le pareti dei vasi.

 
Pressione Intraoculare
Pressione specifica del globo oculare che mantiene rotonda la forma dell’occhio.

 
Prevalenza
Numero totale di casi esistenti annui di una malattia, inclusi quelli appena diagnosticati.

 
Retina
Tessuto sul retro dell’occhio che riceve ciò che si vede e invia i segnali al cervello.

 
Studio Clinico
Studio medico condotto su volontari umani utile per testare, valutare e comparare la sicurezza e l’efficacia dei trattamenti.

 
Terapia Anti-VEGF
Trattamento creato per ridurre l’attività del VEGF, che provoca la formazione di nuovi vasi sanguigni.

 
Terapia Combinata
L’uso di due o più farmaci/terapie per trattare una condizione in modo più aggressivo.

 
Trattamento Antiangiogenico
Trattamento che controlla la malattia fermando la formazione di nuovi vasi sanguigni anomali.

 
Vitreo
Una sostanza simile al gel che si compone di milioni di finissime fibre intrecciate fra loro, attaccate alla superficie della retina. Questa sostanza sostiene la forma tonda dell’occhio. Il vitreo si riduce gradualmente come naturale processo dell’invecchiamento e potrebbe separarsi dalla retina, causando il distacco del vitreo.

Referenze

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